Bylaws

Article I.  General

            Section 1.  Purpose

The Morrison R. Waite American Inn of Court ("Inn") is chartered by The American Inns of Court Foundation under Organizational Charter No. 286 issued by the American Inns of Court Foundation on June 12, 1996 ("Organizational Charter").  The Mission of The American Inns of Court Foundation is to foster excellence, professionalism, ethics, civility, and legal skills for judges, lawyers, academicians, and students of law to perfect the quality, availability, and efficiency of justice in the United States.  The Inn adopts the mission of The American Inns of Court Foundation and the Objectives of the Inn in the Organizational Charter, Article I, Objectives. 

            Section 2.  Principal Location

The Inn is located in the Toledo, Lucas County, Ohio, and serves Northwest Ohio.

Article II.  Organization

            Section 1.  Executive Committee 

The Executive Committee is composed of the officers, the Immediate Past President, and ten at large members. The duties of the Executive Committee are set forth in the Organizational Charter and in these Bylaws. 

            At large members

                        Eligibility to serve as an officer or at large member:  Benchers, Barristers, and Associates (all defined in Article III below) are eligible to serve as at large members.  At large members shall be elected by a majority of the Benchers, Barristers, and Associates present at the annual meeting of the Inn.  The Inn shall endeavor to elect at large members reflecting the diversity of persons practicing law in Northwest Ohio and the diversity of their respective practices. 

                        Term of office.  The term of office for an at large member is two years, commencing on July 1 of the first year of the term and expiring on June 30 at the end of the second year of the term.  An at large member may serve one immediately succeeding term of office, and shall not be eligible to serve again as an at large member until on or after the term commencing July 1 two years after the expiration of the second term of the member's preceding two consecutive terms of office.  The at large members shall serve staggered terms, with half elected in odd numbered years and half elected in even numbered years. 

            Section 2.  Officers

            Offices:  The officers of the Inn shall be a president, a counselor, a secretary/treasurer (or a secretary and a treasurer), and such other officers as the Benchers authorize.  

            Eligibility to serve as an officer:  Benchers are eligible to serve in any office.  Barristers and Associates are eligible to serve in any office other than President or Counselor.  A judge shall serve as President or Counselor in alternating terms so that when a judge is President, the Counselor is a Bencher other than a judge, and when a judge is Counselor, the President is a Bencher other than a judge. 

            Term of office:  The officers shall serve one two-year term, commencing on July 1 of the first year of the term and expiring on June 30 at the end of the second year of the term, and may not immediately succeed themselves in the same office, except the secretary/treasurer (or the secretary and the treasurer), who may serve any number of successive terms.  

            Election of officers:  The President and Counselor shall be elected by a majority of the Benchers present at the annual meeting of the Inn in odd numbered years.  Officers other than the President and Counselor shall be elected by a majority of the Benchers, Barristers, and Associates present at the annual meeting of the Inn in odd numbered years. 

            Section 3.  Committees

The Executive Committee may establish standing and ad hoc committees from among the active members of the Inn, and may change or discontinue committees as deemed necessary or appropriate.  Committees may create ad hoc subcommittees, as needed.  Whether or not the Executive Committee establishes any committees other than the Nominating Committee, the Executive Committee shall insure that the following functions are performed:

            Membership: Solicit and revies applications and recommends member to the Executive Committee; maintain records of attendance. 

            Program: Oversee program topics and submit programs for Continuing Legal Education credit.

            Social:  Schedule and arrange for approved social functions of the Inn within guidelines established by the Executive Committee. 

            Reporting:distribute news, announcements and other information among Inn members and to the American Inns of Court Foundation; submit program reports to the American Inns of Court Foundation; and prepare articles for the Bencher.

            Mentoring: arrange mentoring opportunities among Benchers, Barristers, Associates and Pupils, and assign members to be mentors. 

            Nominating Committee:  By thirty days before the annual meeting of the Inn, shall present to the members of the Inn nominations for officers and directors whose terms expire on July 1 after the annual meeting.  The Executive Committee shall establish a Nominating Committee to perform this function. 

            Appointments to committees:  Upon the advice and consent of the Executive Committee, the President shall appoint committee members and chairs of the standing and ad hoc committees by July 31 of each year.  

            Committee liaisons:  The Executive Committee may designate Executive Committee members as liaisons between the Executive Committee and standing and ad hoc committees.  Liaisons shall not have authority to vote as members of the standing or ad hoc committees for which they are acting as liaisons. 

            Section 4.  Pupillage Groups

Each year, all active members will be assigned to a Pupillage Group by the Counselor, with the assignment being approved by the Executive Committee, which shall also select a two Benchers, one of whom should be a judge, to chair each group.

Article III.  Membership

            Section 1.  Active Members

There are four active membership classifications in the Inn. 

            Masters of the Bench are members authorized to practice law for at least 15 years, judges, and deans of law schools, including assistant and associate deans, and law school faculty, including professors, assistant, professors, associate professors, and lawyers supervising work in clinical programs operated by a law school.  Masters of the Bench may be called "Benchers". 

            Barristers are members authorized to practice law for at least five years not otherwise qualified to be a Bencher.

            Associates are members authorized to practice law for fewer than five years not otherwise qualified to be a Bencher.

            Pupils are members in their third-year of study at an accredited law school. 

            Section 2.  Terms and Conditions of Membership

Membership in the Inn comprises the Benchers, Barristers, and Associates and shall, where possible, represent the gender, ethnic, and professional diversity of the bench and bar of Northwest Ohio.  Pupils may participate in all activities of the Inn, but will not be voting members. 

            Section 3.  Inactive Members

The Executive Committee may confer Emeritus and Honorary memberships.

Article IV.  Meetings

Meetings shall be held at least six times during the academic year of law schools in Northwest Ohio as the Executive Committee determines.  The Inn shall endeavor to have one meeting focus on social discourse among the different classes of members.  The Annual Meeting of the Inn shall occur at the last meeting of the academic year. 

Article V. Voting and Elections

            Section 1.  Benchers

Benchers have voting rights for all matters related to the Inn.  Each Bencher shall have one vote on any matter submitted to the Benchers. A majority of voting Benchers shall constitute a quorum for transacting business, except that every act done or decision made by a majority of the Benchers attending a scheduled meeting of the Inn under Article, IV. § 1 shall be the vote of a quorum of the Benchers.  The Benchers may vote by using any combination of mail, facsimile, electronic mail, physical meetings, meetings held by communications equipment, or other means chosen by the Executive Committee in its discretion.

           Section 2.  Barristers 

Barristers may vote as members for the election of officers other than the President or Counselor, for election of at large members of the Executive Committee.  Barristers may vote as a member of the Executive Committee on any matter before the Executive Committee.

            Section 3.  Associates 

Associates may vote as members for the election of officers other than the President or Counselor, for election of at large members of the Executive Committee.  Associates may vote as a member of the Executive Committee on any matter before the Executive Committee.  

           Section 4.  Pupils 

Pupils do not have a right to vote.

            Section 5.  Executive Committee

Each member of the Executive Committee, including the President, shall be entitled to one vote on any matter submitted to the Executive Committee. A majority of the members of the Executive Committee shall constitute a quorum for transacting business.  Every act done or decision made by a majority of the members in attendance at a meeting for which at least one week notice has been given shall be the act of the entire Executive Committee. 

           Section 6.  Methods of voting 

Votes may be by any of mail, facsimile transmission, electronic mail, meetings held in person, meetings held by communications equipment, or other means, or any combination of the foregoing, as determined by the Executive Committee in its discretion. 

            Section 7.  Elections

The Benchers shall elect the President and Counselor.  The Benchers, Barristers, and Associates shall elect the at large members of the Executive Committee and the officers other than the President and Counselor. 

            Section 8.  Vacancies

When an office, committee chair, or at large member of the Executive Committee becomes vacant other than at the end of a regularly scheduled term, the Executive Committee may appoint an interim replacement who shall hold the position until July 1 after the next scheduled annual meeting, at which the procedures for election and selection of officers and chairs shall be followed in electing a replacement for the unexpired remainder of the term, if any.  The portion of the term prior to the appointment or election of a person to fill a vacant position shall not be counted against the new officer or chair regarding any maximum term of service.

Article VI.  Fiscal Matters

            Section 1.  Fiscal Year 

The fiscal year of the Inn shall be from July 1 to June 30 of each year.

            Section 2.  Dues

Dues shall be in an amount determined by the Executive Committee consistently with the Organizational Charter and shall be levied by the Secretary/Treasurer (or the Treasurer) during the month of July each year. Failure to pay assessments and dues before the third meeting of the Inn year and after reasonable notice may be considered by the Executive Committee as grounds to terminate membership of the person in default.

            Section 3.  Expenses

The Inn shall pay all expenses approved by the Executive Committee. Expenses may include an amount to defray the cost of one or more officers to attend the National Conference of the American Inns of Court Foundation and payment to an administrator determined by the Executive Committee consistent with standards of the American Inns of Court Foundation. 

Article VII.  Adoption and Amendments

            Section 1.  Adoption 

These bylaws will be adopted by the Inn upon approval by a majority of the Benchers of this Inn after being submitted to and approved, in writing, by the Board of Trustees of the American Inns of Court Foundation.

            Section  2.  Amendments

Amendments to these Bylaws may be made by a majority of the Benchers of this Inn after being submitted to and approved, in writing, by the Board of Trustees of the American Inns of Court Foundation.

Approved by a majority of Benchers of the Morrison R. Waite American Inn of Court at a meeting if the Inn held on September 16, 2014